What is SMF?
SMF means Submucosal Fibrosis. When it is related to oral cavity its called Oral Submucosal Fibrosis (OSF).
SMF is a condition where due to chronic irritation or chronic trigger due to some factors leads to inflammation of tissue underlying the epithelium (Submucous) and after a certain period of time this inflammation results in fibrosis.
It is also is characterized by an abnormal collagen deposition.
Why it is important to know about SMF?
It is a precancerous lesions. This disease contributes significantly to mortality because of its high malignant transformation rate (1.5–15%).
Causative factor
- Chewing betel nut- Chewing of betel nut is considered as one of the most significant risk factors for OSF .
- Autoimmunity.
- Vitamin B, C, and iron deficiencies.
- Chewing and smoking tobacco.
- Drinking alcohol.
- Consumption of spicy foods.
- Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection.
- Genetic mutations.
Symptoms of SMF/Oral
Fibrosis of submucosa resulting in repeated ulceration of mouth, xerostomia (dryness of mouth), burning sensation and difficulty and restricted mouth opening.
Even when SMF extends to the throat then it causes difficulty in swallowing and even feeling of something stuck while food intake.
All of these greatly interfere with quality of life.
Treatment
- Stop chewing areca nut (also known as betel nut).
- Avoid tobacco chewing.
- Reduce consumption of spicy foods.
- Proper oral hygiene.
- Supplementing the diet with foods rich in vitamins A, B complex, and C and iron.
- Avoid alcohol.
- Intralesional injection Hyaluronidase.
- Submucosal injections of human chorionic gonadotrophins.
- Surgical treatment is recommended in cases of progressive fibrosis when inter-incisor distance becomes less than 2 cm.
Add a Comment